Peru
A combined view of Peru's UN General Assembly speeches, treaty commitments, and voting record.
The narrative paragraphs below are AI-generated syntheses of the data shown — the tables and figures themselves come directly from the underlying records, not from the AI.
Compare with another country →Speech history
Peru's General Assembly rhetoric has evolved from measured, policy-focused multilateralism in the mid-2000s toward increasingly varied emotional intensity and self-referential framing. The period 2006–2014 featured consistent emphasis on multilateral cooperation and regional integration with low emotional appeal, while 2019–2024 saw Peru emphasize concrete domestic achievements alongside strong multilateral commitments, maintaining mostly measured diplomatic tones except for notable emotional spikes in 2021 (pandemic-focused) and 2023 (culturally rooted). The most significant departure came in 2025, when Peru shifted to a defensive, ideologically charged posture centered on self-justification and criticism of external ideologies, marking a sharp break from its collaborative multilateral positioning and the lowest self-accountability score of the period.
| Session | Multilateralism | Emotional intensity | Concreteness | Self-accountability |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2006 | High | Low | Medium | High |
| 2008 | High | Low | High | High |
| 2011 | High | Medium | Medium | High |
| 2012 | Very High | Low | High | Medium |
| 2014 | High | Low | High | High |
| 2019 | Very High | Medium | High | High |
| 2020 | High | Medium | High | High |
| 2021 | High | Medium | Medium | Medium |
| 2022 | High | Medium | High | Medium |
| 2023 | High | High | High | High |
| 2024 | Very High | Low | High | Medium |
| 2025 | Medium | High | Medium | Medium |
Treaty status
Full treaty record →Peru demonstrates near-comprehensive treaty engagement, having ratified 23 of 24 tracked agreements across all thematic areas. The country shows particular commitment to environmental protection, with ratification of all 10 tracked environmental treaties including climate-focused agreements (Paris, Kyoto, UNFCCC) and hazardous substance protocols. Peru is equally robust on human rights and arms control, ratifying all five tracked human rights conventions and all four arms control treaties, while also adhering to the Rome Statute and major trade governance instruments. The single exception is the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, which remains inactive—a notable gap for a Pacific coastal state.
Arms control & security
- Arms Trade TreatyRatified
- Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban TreatyRatified
- Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their DestructionRatified
- Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear WeaponsRatified
Environment & climate
- Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their DisposalRatified
- Convention on Biological DiversityRatified
- Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone LayerRatified
- Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate ChangeRatified
- Minamata Convention on MercuryRatified
- Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone LayerRatified
- Paris AgreementRatified
- Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International TradeRatified
- Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic PollutantsRatified
- United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in AfricaRatified
- United Nations Framework Convention on Climate ChangeRatified
Human rights
- Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or PunishmentRatified
- Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against WomenRatified
- Convention on the Rights of Persons with DisabilitiesRatified
- Convention on the Rights of the ChildRatified
- International Covenant on Civil and Political RightsRatified
International justice
- Rome Statute of the International Criminal CourtRatified
Trade & governance
- United Nations Convention against CorruptionRatified
- United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized CrimeRatified
- United Nations Convention on the Law of the SeaNo action
Voting record
Full voting record →Peru maintains a strongly cooperative voting profile, with 90.5% affirmative votes across 5,694 recorded General Assembly votes and only 21 dissents—a rate well below 1% despite high participation. The rare recorded dissents date to the Cold War era (1970 sea-bed weapons treaty, 1959 information transmission resolution), both occasions where Peru voted no against overwhelming consensus, suggesting either principled independence on specific geopolitical issues or isolated positions that have not recurred in recent decades. Contemporary voting shows near-consensus alignment with minimal abstentions (7.4%), indicating Peru's integration into mainstream multilateral voting patterns.
Notable dissents from consensus
Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof : resolution / adopted by the General Assembly
1970-12-07 · voted N · 98% voted yes
General questions relating to the transmission and examination of information : resolution / adopted by the General Assembly
1959-12-12 · voted N · 92% voted yes
Human development
Full HDI record →Human Development Index: 0.794 (High), ranked #79 globally in 2023.
Combines life expectancy, education, and income into one comparable score, 0 to 1. Source: UNDP Human Development Report 2025 — deterministic figures, not AI-generated.
1990–2023