Eritrea
A combined view of Eritrea's UN General Assembly speeches, treaty commitments, and voting record.
The narrative paragraphs below are AI-generated syntheses of the data shown — the tables and figures themselves come directly from the underlying records, not from the AI.
Compare with another country →Speech history
Eritrea's General Assembly rhetoric over 15 years has remained strikingly consistent in its grievance-centered focus and institutional skepticism. The speeches are characterized by a persistent pattern of accusing the UN Security Council and the broader international order of bias and dysfunction, particularly regarding Eritrea's border dispute with Ethiopia and the sanctions regime imposed on the country. While emotional intensity has remained elevated throughout (consistently in the 47–78 range), the trajectory shows minimal engagement with multilateralism—scores have predominantly hovered in the 22–58 range—and remarkably low self-accountability, averaging below 30 except for brief upticks in 2017 and 2019. Over time, the rhetoric has shifted from narrowly legalistic grievances (2006–2007) toward broader systemic critique of global power imbalances and hegemonic domination (2020–2025), yet concrete policy proposals and forward-looking commitments have only declined, suggesting a deepening retreat into ideological denunciation.
| Session | Multilateralism | Emotional intensity | Concreteness | Self-accountability |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2006 | Low | High | High | Very Low |
| 2007 | Medium | Medium | High | Low |
| 2010 | Medium | Low | Low | Low |
| 2011 | Medium | Medium | Low | Low |
| 2012 | Medium | Medium | Low | Low |
| 2013 | Medium | High | Medium | Low |
| 2014 | Low | High | Low | Very Low |
| 2017 | Low | High | Low | Medium |
| 2018 | Low | High | Low | Very Low |
| 2019 | Low | Medium | Low | Medium |
| 2020 | Medium | Medium | Very Low | Very Low |
| 2022 | Medium | High | Low | Very Low |
| 2023 | Low | High | Low | Very Low |
| 2024 | Low | High | Low | Very Low |
| 2025 | Low | High | Very Low | Very Low |
Treaty status
Full treaty record →Eritrea has demonstrated robust commitment to environmental and human rights treaties, ratifying 14 of 15 environmental agreements tracked and all five human rights conventions, including the Convention against Torture and CEDAW. However, its engagement with international justice and trade governance frameworks is selective: while ratifying the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, Eritrea has taken no action on the Arms Trade Treaty, the UN Convention against Corruption, or the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, and has notably signed but not ratified the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. This pattern suggests willingness to adopt environmental and protective human rights commitments while avoiding frameworks that might constrain state sovereignty or expose the country to external judicial oversight.
Arms control & security
- Arms Trade TreatyNo action
- Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban TreatyRatified
- Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their DestructionRatified
- Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear WeaponsNo action
Environment & climate
- Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their DisposalRatified
- Convention on Biological DiversityRatified
- Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone LayerRatified
- Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate ChangeRatified
- Minamata Convention on MercuryRatified
- Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone LayerRatified
- Paris AgreementRatified
- Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International TradeRatified
- Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic PollutantsRatified
- United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in AfricaRatified
- United Nations Framework Convention on Climate ChangeRatified
Human rights
- Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or PunishmentRatified
- Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against WomenRatified
- Convention on the Rights of Persons with DisabilitiesRatified
- Convention on the Rights of the ChildRatified
- International Covenant on Civil and Political RightsRatified
International justice
- Rome Statute of the International Criminal CourtSigned, not ratified
Trade & governance
- United Nations Convention against CorruptionNo action
- United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized CrimeRatified
- United Nations Convention on the Law of the SeaNo action
Voting record
Full voting record →Eritrea's voting behavior shows overwhelming alignment with General Assembly consensus, supporting yes votes in 82% of all recorded votes (2,236 of 2,726) with only 48 no votes and 150 abstentions over the period. However, its rare dissents are strikingly geopolitical: Eritrea voted no on all three Ukraine-related resolutions (2022–2023), placing it among a small minority against overwhelming consensus, and has also dissented on European and Central European cooperation resolutions, suggesting alignment with non-Western or resistance blocs on key Cold War–adjacent geopolitical questions. The pattern of abstention and no votes on European cooperation and Ukraine matters, combined with near-universal assent on other issues, points to selective ideological positioning rather than systematic opposition.
Notable dissents from consensus
Aggression against Ukraine : resolution / adopted by the General Assembly
2022-03-02 · voted N · 97% voted yes
Humanitarian consequences of the aggression against Ukraine : resolution / adopted by the General Assembly
2022-03-24 · voted N · 97% voted yes
Principles of the Charter of the United Nations underlying a comprehensive, just and lasting peace in Ukraine : resolution / adopted by the General Assembly
2023-02-23 · voted N · 95% voted yes
Cooperation between the United Nations and the Council of Europe : resolution / adopted by the General Assembly
2025-04-16 · voted N · 92% voted yes
Cooperation between the United Nations and the and the Central European Initiative : resolution / adopted by the General Assembly
2024-12-06 · voted N · 92% voted yes
Human development
Full HDI record →Human Development Index: 0.503 (Low), ranked #178 globally in 2023.
Combines life expectancy, education, and income into one comparable score, 0 to 1. Source: UNDP Human Development Report 2025 — deterministic figures, not AI-generated.
2005–2023